Q: How can I get the numeric value (i.e. ASCII or other character set code) corresponding to a character, or vice versa?
A: In C, characters are represented by small integers corresponding to their values in the machine's character set. Therefore, you don't need a conversion function: if you have the character, you have its value. The following fragment:
int c1 = 'A', c2 = 65;
printf("%c %d %c %d\n", c1, c1, c2, c2);
prints
A 65 A 65on an ASCII machine.
To convert back and forth between the digit characters and the corresponding integers in the range 0-9, add or subtract the constant '0' (that is, the character value '0').
See also questions 8.9, 13.1, and 20.10.
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